fix(node): support re-exported esm modules in cjs export analysis (#28379)

Adds support for re-exporting an ES module from a CJS one and then
importing the CJS module from ESM. Also fixes a bug where require esm
wasn't working in deno compile.

Cargo.lock

@@ -1609,9 +1609,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "deno_ast"
-version = "0.46.0"
+version = "0.46.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "1bd3b6e14e5b1235dd613d9f5d955d7a80dec6de0fc00fa34b5d0ef5ca0a9ddb"
+checksum = "88393f34aaba238da6a3694aef7e046eec4d261c3bf98dc6669d397f1c274e5e"
 dependencies = [
  "base64 0.21.7",
  "deno_error",

Cargo.toml

@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ license = "MIT"
 repository = "https://github.com/denoland/deno"
 
 [workspace.dependencies]
-deno_ast = { version = "=0.46.0", features = ["transpiling"] }
+deno_ast = { version = "=0.46.1", features = ["transpiling"] }
 deno_core = { version = "0.340.0" }
 
 deno_bench_util = { version = "0.188.0", path = "./bench_util" }

cli/Cargo.toml

@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ winapi.workspace = true
 winres.workspace = true
 
 [dependencies]
-deno_ast = { workspace = true, features = ["bundler", "cjs", "codegen", "proposal", "react", "sourcemap", "transforms", "typescript", "view", "visit"] }
+deno_ast = { workspace = true, features = ["bundler", "cjs", "codegen", "proposal", "react", "sourcemap", "transforms", "typescript", "view", "visit", "utils"] }
 deno_cache_dir = { workspace = true, features = ["sync"] }
 deno_config = { workspace = true, features = ["sync", "workspace"] }
 deno_core = { workspace = true, features = ["include_js_files_for_snapshotting"] }

cli/cache/node.rs

@@ -137,6 +137,8 @@ impl NodeAnalysisCacheInner {
 
 #[cfg(test)]
 mod test {
+  use deno_ast::ModuleExportsAndReExports;
+
   use super::*;
 
   #[test]
@@ -148,10 +150,10 @@ mod test {
       .get_cjs_analysis("file.js", CacheDBHash::new(2))
       .unwrap()
       .is_none());
-    let cjs_analysis = CliCjsAnalysis::Cjs {
+    let cjs_analysis = CliCjsAnalysis::Cjs(ModuleExportsAndReExports {
       exports: vec!["export1".to_string()],
       reexports: vec!["re-export1".to_string()],
-    };
+    });
     cache
       .set_cjs_analysis("file.js", CacheDBHash::new(2), &cjs_analysis)
       .unwrap();

cli/factory.rs

@@ -80,6 +80,7 @@ use crate::http_util::HttpClientProvider;
 use crate::module_loader::CliModuleLoaderFactory;
 use crate::module_loader::ModuleLoadPreparer;
 use crate::node::CliCjsCodeAnalyzer;
+use crate::node::CliCjsModuleExportAnalyzer;
 use crate::node::CliNodeCodeTranslator;
 use crate::node::CliNodeResolver;
 use crate::node::CliPackageJsonResolver;
@@ -261,6 +262,7 @@ impl<T> Deferred<T> {
 struct CliFactoryServices {
   blob_store: Deferred<Arc<BlobStore>>,
   caches: Deferred<Arc<Caches>>,
+  cjs_module_export_analyzer: Deferred<Arc<CliCjsModuleExportAnalyzer>>,
   cjs_tracker: Deferred<Arc<CliCjsTracker>>,
   cli_options: Deferred<Arc<CliOptions>>,
   code_cache: Deferred<Arc<CodeCache>>,
@@ -804,6 +806,28 @@ impl CliFactory {
     Ok(())
   }
 
+  pub async fn cjs_module_export_analyzer(
+    &self,
+  ) -> Result<&Arc<CliCjsModuleExportAnalyzer>, AnyError> {
+    self
+      .services
+      .cjs_module_export_analyzer
+      .get_or_try_init_async(async {
+        let node_resolver = self.node_resolver().await?.clone();
+        let cjs_code_analyzer = self.create_cjs_code_analyzer()?;
+
+        Ok(Arc::new(CliCjsModuleExportAnalyzer::new(
+          cjs_code_analyzer,
+          self.in_npm_pkg_checker()?.clone(),
+          node_resolver,
+          self.npm_resolver().await?.clone(),
+          self.pkg_json_resolver()?.clone(),
+          self.sys(),
+        )))
+      })
+      .await
+  }
+
   pub async fn node_code_translator(
     &self,
   ) -> Result<&Arc<CliNodeCodeTranslator>, AnyError> {
@@ -811,16 +835,9 @@ impl CliFactory {
       .services
       .node_code_translator
       .get_or_try_init_async(async {
-        let node_resolver = self.node_resolver().await?.clone();
-        let cjs_code_analyzer = self.create_cjs_code_analyzer()?;
-
+        let module_export_analyzer = self.cjs_module_export_analyzer().await?;
         Ok(Arc::new(NodeCodeTranslator::new(
-          cjs_code_analyzer,
-          self.in_npm_pkg_checker()?.clone(),
-          node_resolver,
-          self.npm_resolver().await?.clone(),
-          self.pkg_json_resolver()?.clone(),
-          self.sys(),
+          module_export_analyzer.clone(),
         )))
       })
       .await
@@ -1025,7 +1042,7 @@ impl CliFactory {
   ) -> Result<DenoCompileBinaryWriter, AnyError> {
     let cli_options = self.cli_options()?;
     Ok(DenoCompileBinaryWriter::new(
-      self.create_cjs_code_analyzer()?,
+      self.cjs_module_export_analyzer().await?,
       self.cjs_tracker()?,
       self.cli_options()?,
       self.deno_dir()?,

cli/lib/standalone/binary.rs

@@ -9,7 +9,6 @@ use deno_runtime::deno_permissions::PermissionsOptions;
 use deno_runtime::deno_telemetry::OtelConfig;
 use deno_semver::Version;
 use indexmap::IndexMap;
-use node_resolver::analyze::CjsAnalysisExports;
 use serde::Deserialize;
 use serde::Serialize;
 use url::Url;
@@ -130,7 +129,8 @@ impl<'a> DenoRtDeserializable<'a> for SpecifierId {
 #[derive(Deserialize, Serialize)]
 pub enum CjsExportAnalysisEntry {
   Esm,
-  Cjs(CjsAnalysisExports),
+  Cjs(Vec<String>),
+  Error(String),
 }
 
 const HAS_TRANSPILED_FLAG: u8 = 1 << 0;

cli/node.rs

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ use std::borrow::Cow;
 use std::sync::Arc;
 
 use deno_ast::MediaType;
+use deno_ast::ModuleExportsAndReExports;
 use deno_ast::ModuleSpecifier;
 use deno_error::JsErrorBox;
 use deno_graph::ParsedSourceStore;
@@ -12,6 +13,8 @@ use deno_runtime::deno_fs;
 use node_resolver::analyze::CjsAnalysis as ExtNodeCjsAnalysis;
 use node_resolver::analyze::CjsAnalysisExports;
 use node_resolver::analyze::CjsCodeAnalyzer;
+use node_resolver::analyze::CjsModuleExportAnalyzer;
+use node_resolver::analyze::EsmAnalysisMode;
 use node_resolver::analyze::NodeCodeTranslator;
 use node_resolver::DenoIsBuiltInNodeModuleChecker;
 use serde::Deserialize;
@@ -24,6 +27,13 @@ use crate::npm::CliNpmResolver;
 use crate::resolver::CliCjsTracker;
 use crate::sys::CliSys;
 
+pub type CliCjsModuleExportAnalyzer = CjsModuleExportAnalyzer<
+  CliCjsCodeAnalyzer,
+  DenoInNpmPackageChecker,
+  DenoIsBuiltInNodeModuleChecker,
+  CliNpmResolver,
+  CliSys,
+>;
 pub type CliNodeCodeTranslator = NodeCodeTranslator<
   CliCjsCodeAnalyzer,
   DenoInNpmPackageChecker,
@@ -42,11 +52,11 @@ pub type CliPackageJsonResolver = node_resolver::PackageJsonResolver<CliSys>;
 pub enum CliCjsAnalysis {
   /// The module was found to be an ES module.
   Esm,
+  /// The module was found to be an ES module and
+  /// it was analyzed for imports and exports.
+  EsmAnalysis(ModuleExportsAndReExports),
   /// The module was CJS.
-  Cjs {
-    exports: Vec<String>,
-    reexports: Vec<String>,
-  },
+  Cjs(ModuleExportsAndReExports),
 }
 
 pub struct CliCjsCodeAnalyzer {
@@ -75,6 +85,7 @@ impl CliCjsCodeAnalyzer {
     &self,
     specifier: &ModuleSpecifier,
     source: &str,
+    esm_analysis_mode: EsmAnalysisMode,
   ) -> Result<CliCjsAnalysis, JsErrorBox> {
     let source_hash = CacheDBHash::from_hashable(source);
     if let Some(analysis) =
@@ -85,17 +96,16 @@ impl CliCjsCodeAnalyzer {
 
     let media_type = MediaType::from_specifier(specifier);
     if media_type == MediaType::Json {
-      return Ok(CliCjsAnalysis::Cjs {
-        exports: vec![],
-        reexports: vec![],
-      });
+      return Ok(CliCjsAnalysis::Cjs(Default::default()));
     }
 
     let cjs_tracker = self.cjs_tracker.clone();
     let is_maybe_cjs = cjs_tracker
       .is_maybe_cjs(specifier, media_type)
       .map_err(JsErrorBox::from_err)?;
-    let analysis = if is_maybe_cjs {
+    let analysis = if is_maybe_cjs
+      || esm_analysis_mode == EsmAnalysisMode::SourceImportsAndExports
+    {
       let maybe_parsed_source = self
         .parsed_source_cache
         .as_ref()
@@ -118,8 +128,9 @@ impl CliCjsCodeAnalyzer {
               })
             })
             .map_err(JsErrorBox::from_err)?;
-          let is_script = parsed_source.compute_is_script();
-          let is_cjs = cjs_tracker
+          let is_script = is_maybe_cjs && parsed_source.compute_is_script();
+          let is_cjs = is_maybe_cjs
+            && cjs_tracker
               .is_cjs_with_known_is_script(
                 parsed_source.specifier(),
                 media_type,
@@ -128,12 +139,16 @@ impl CliCjsCodeAnalyzer {
               .map_err(JsErrorBox::from_err)?;
           if is_cjs {
             let analysis = parsed_source.analyze_cjs();
-            Ok(CliCjsAnalysis::Cjs {
-              exports: analysis.exports,
-              reexports: analysis.reexports,
-            })
+            Ok(CliCjsAnalysis::Cjs(analysis))
           } else {
-            Ok(CliCjsAnalysis::Esm)
+            match esm_analysis_mode {
+              EsmAnalysisMode::SourceOnly => Ok(CliCjsAnalysis::Esm),
+              EsmAnalysisMode::SourceImportsAndExports => {
+                Ok(CliCjsAnalysis::EsmAnalysis(
+                  parsed_source.analyze_es_runtime_exports(),
+                ))
+              }
+            }
           }
         }
       })
@@ -157,6 +172,7 @@ impl CjsCodeAnalyzer for CliCjsCodeAnalyzer {
     &self,
     specifier: &ModuleSpecifier,
     source: Option<Cow<'a, str>>,
+    esm_analysis_mode: EsmAnalysisMode,
   ) -> Result<ExtNodeCjsAnalysis<'a>, JsErrorBox> {
     let source = match source {
       Some(source) => source,
@@ -180,13 +196,22 @@ impl CjsCodeAnalyzer for CliCjsCodeAnalyzer {
         }
       }
     };
-    let analysis = self.inner_cjs_analysis(specifier, &source).await?;
+    let analysis = self
+      .inner_cjs_analysis(specifier, &source, esm_analysis_mode)
+      .await?;
     match analysis {
-      CliCjsAnalysis::Esm => Ok(ExtNodeCjsAnalysis::Esm(source)),
-      CliCjsAnalysis::Cjs { exports, reexports } => {
+      CliCjsAnalysis::Esm => Ok(ExtNodeCjsAnalysis::Esm(source, None)),
+      CliCjsAnalysis::EsmAnalysis(analysis) => Ok(ExtNodeCjsAnalysis::Esm(
+        source,
+        Some(CjsAnalysisExports {
+          exports: analysis.exports,
+          reexports: analysis.reexports,
+        }),
+      )),
+      CliCjsAnalysis::Cjs(analysis) => {
         Ok(ExtNodeCjsAnalysis::Cjs(CjsAnalysisExports {
-          exports,
-          reexports,
+          exports: analysis.exports,
+          reexports: analysis.reexports,
         }))
       }
     }

cli/rt/node.rs

@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ use deno_resolver::npm::NpmReqResolver;
 use deno_runtime::deno_fs::FileSystem;
 use node_resolver::analyze::CjsAnalysis;
 use node_resolver::analyze::CjsAnalysisExports;
+use node_resolver::analyze::EsmAnalysisMode;
 use node_resolver::analyze::NodeCodeTranslator;
 use node_resolver::DenoIsBuiltInNodeModuleChecker;
 
@@ -96,11 +97,17 @@ impl CjsCodeAnalyzer {
           match data {
             CjsExportAnalysisEntry::Esm => {
               cjs_tracker.set_is_known_script(specifier, false);
-              CjsAnalysis::Esm(source)
+              CjsAnalysis::Esm(source, None)
             }
-            CjsExportAnalysisEntry::Cjs(analysis) => {
+            CjsExportAnalysisEntry::Cjs(exports) => {
               cjs_tracker.set_is_known_script(specifier, true);
-              CjsAnalysis::Cjs(analysis)
+              CjsAnalysis::Cjs(CjsAnalysisExports {
+                exports,
+                reexports: Vec::new(), // already resolved
+              })
+            }
+            CjsExportAnalysisEntry::Error(err) => {
+              return Err(JsErrorBox::generic(err));
             }
           }
         }
@@ -119,11 +126,11 @@ impl CjsCodeAnalyzer {
             }
           }
           // assume ESM as we don't have access to swc here
-          CjsAnalysis::Esm(source)
+          CjsAnalysis::Esm(source, None)
         }
       }
     } else {
-      CjsAnalysis::Esm(source)
+      CjsAnalysis::Esm(source, None)
     };
 
     Ok(analysis)
@@ -136,6 +143,7 @@ impl node_resolver::analyze::CjsCodeAnalyzer for CjsCodeAnalyzer {
     &self,
     specifier: &Url,
     source: Option<Cow<'a, str>>,
+    _esm_analysis_mode: EsmAnalysisMode,
   ) -> Result<CjsAnalysis<'a>, JsErrorBox> {
     let source = match source {
       Some(source) => source,

cli/rt/run.rs

@@ -74,6 +74,7 @@ use deno_runtime::permissions::RuntimePermissionDescriptorParser;
 use deno_runtime::WorkerExecutionMode;
 use deno_runtime::WorkerLogLevel;
 use deno_semver::npm::NpmPackageReqReference;
+use node_resolver::analyze::CjsModuleExportAnalyzer;
 use node_resolver::analyze::NodeCodeTranslator;
 use node_resolver::cache::NodeResolutionSys;
 use node_resolver::errors::ClosestPkgJsonError;
@@ -154,18 +155,9 @@ impl ModuleLoader for EmbeddedModuleLoader {
     &self,
     raw_specifier: &str,
     referrer: &str,
-    kind: ResolutionKind,
+    _kind: ResolutionKind,
   ) -> Result<Url, ModuleLoaderError> {
     let referrer = if referrer == "." {
-      if kind != ResolutionKind::MainModule {
-        return Err(
-          JsErrorBox::generic(format!(
-            "Expected to resolve main module, got {:?} instead.",
-            kind
-          ))
-          .into(),
-        );
-      }
       let current_dir = std::env::current_dir().unwrap();
       deno_core::resolve_path(".", &current_dir)
         .map_err(JsErrorBox::from_err)?
@@ -815,7 +807,7 @@ pub async fn run(
   }));
   let cjs_esm_code_analyzer =
     CjsCodeAnalyzer::new(cjs_tracker.clone(), modules.clone(), sys.clone());
-  let node_code_translator = Arc::new(NodeCodeTranslator::new(
+  let cjs_module_export_analyzer = Arc::new(CjsModuleExportAnalyzer::new(
     cjs_esm_code_analyzer,
     in_npm_pkg_checker,
     node_resolver.clone(),
@@ -823,6 +815,8 @@ pub async fn run(
     pkg_json_resolver.clone(),
     sys.clone(),
   ));
+  let node_code_translator =
+    Arc::new(NodeCodeTranslator::new(cjs_module_export_analyzer));
   let workspace_resolver = {
     let import_map = match metadata.workspace_resolver.import_map {
       Some(import_map) => Some(

cli/standalone/binary.rs

@@ -52,8 +52,7 @@ use deno_path_util::url_from_directory_path;
 use deno_path_util::url_to_file_path;
 use deno_resolver::workspace::WorkspaceResolver;
 use indexmap::IndexMap;
-use node_resolver::analyze::CjsAnalysis;
-use node_resolver::analyze::CjsCodeAnalyzer;
+use node_resolver::analyze::ResolvedCjsAnalysis;
 
 use super::virtual_fs::output_vfs;
 use crate::args::CliOptions;
@@ -61,7 +60,7 @@ use crate::args::CompileFlags;
 use crate::cache::DenoDir;
 use crate::emit::Emitter;
 use crate::http_util::HttpClientProvider;
-use crate::node::CliCjsCodeAnalyzer;
+use crate::node::CliCjsModuleExportAnalyzer;
 use crate::npm::CliNpmResolver;
 use crate::resolver::CliCjsTracker;
 use crate::sys::CliSys;
@@ -190,7 +189,7 @@ pub struct WriteBinOptions<'a> {
 }
 
 pub struct DenoCompileBinaryWriter<'a> {
-  cjs_code_analyzer: CliCjsCodeAnalyzer,
+  cjs_module_export_analyzer: &'a CliCjsModuleExportAnalyzer,
   cjs_tracker: &'a CliCjsTracker,
   cli_options: &'a CliOptions,
   deno_dir: &'a DenoDir,
@@ -204,7 +203,7 @@ pub struct DenoCompileBinaryWriter<'a> {
 impl<'a> DenoCompileBinaryWriter<'a> {
   #[allow(clippy::too_many_arguments)]
   pub fn new(
-    cjs_code_analyzer: CliCjsCodeAnalyzer,
+    cjs_module_export_analyzer: &'a CliCjsModuleExportAnalyzer,
     cjs_tracker: &'a CliCjsTracker,
     cli_options: &'a CliOptions,
     deno_dir: &'a DenoDir,
@@ -215,7 +214,7 @@ impl<'a> DenoCompileBinaryWriter<'a> {
     npm_system_info: NpmSystemInfo,
   ) -> Self {
     Self {
-      cjs_code_analyzer,
+      cjs_module_export_analyzer,
       cjs_tracker,
       cli_options,
       deno_dir,
@@ -423,16 +422,18 @@ impl<'a> DenoCompileBinaryWriter<'a> {
               m.is_script,
             )? {
               let cjs_analysis = self
-                .cjs_code_analyzer
-                .analyze_cjs(
+                .cjs_module_export_analyzer
+                .analyze_all_exports(
                   module.specifier(),
                   Some(Cow::Borrowed(m.source.as_ref())),
                 )
                 .await?;
               maybe_cjs_analysis = Some(match cjs_analysis {
-                CjsAnalysis::Esm(_) => CjsExportAnalysisEntry::Esm,
-                CjsAnalysis::Cjs(exports) => {
-                  CjsExportAnalysisEntry::Cjs(exports)
+                ResolvedCjsAnalysis::Esm(_) => CjsExportAnalysisEntry::Esm,
+                ResolvedCjsAnalysis::Cjs(exports) => {
+                  CjsExportAnalysisEntry::Cjs(
+                    exports.into_iter().collect::<Vec<_>>(),
+                  )
                 }
               });
             } else {
@@ -544,26 +545,24 @@ impl<'a> DenoCompileBinaryWriter<'a> {
           .file_bytes(file.offset)
           .map(|text| String::from_utf8_lossy(text));
         let cjs_analysis_result = self
-          .cjs_code_analyzer
-          .analyze_cjs(&specifier, maybe_source)
+          .cjs_module_export_analyzer
+          .analyze_all_exports(&specifier, maybe_source)
           .await;
-        let maybe_analysis = match cjs_analysis_result {
-          Ok(CjsAnalysis::Esm(_)) => Some(CjsExportAnalysisEntry::Esm),
-          Ok(CjsAnalysis::Cjs(exports)) => {
-            Some(CjsExportAnalysisEntry::Cjs(exports))
+        let analysis = match cjs_analysis_result {
+          Ok(ResolvedCjsAnalysis::Esm(_)) => CjsExportAnalysisEntry::Esm,
+          Ok(ResolvedCjsAnalysis::Cjs(exports)) => {
+            CjsExportAnalysisEntry::Cjs(exports.into_iter().collect::<Vec<_>>())
           }
           Err(err) => {
             log::debug!(
-              "Ignoring cjs export analysis for '{}': {}",
+              "Had cjs export analysis error for '{}': {}",
               specifier,
               err
             );
-            None
+            CjsExportAnalysisEntry::Error(err.to_string())
           }
         };
-        if let Some(analysis) = &maybe_analysis {
-          to_add.push((file_path, bincode::serialize(analysis)?));
-        }
+        to_add.push((file_path, bincode::serialize(&analysis)?));
       }
     }
     for (file_path, analysis) in to_add {

resolvers/node/analyze.rs

@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ use crate::UrlOrPathRef;
 pub enum CjsAnalysis<'a> {
   /// File was found to be an ES module and the translator should
   /// load the code as ESM.
-  Esm(Cow<'a, str>),
+  Esm(Cow<'a, str>, Option<CjsAnalysisExports>),
   Cjs(CjsAnalysisExports),
 }
 
@@ -46,6 +46,13 @@ pub struct CjsAnalysisExports {
   pub reexports: Vec<String>,
 }
 
+/// What parts of an ES module should be analyzed.
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq)]
+pub enum EsmAnalysisMode {
+  SourceOnly,
+  SourceImportsAndExports,
+}
+
 /// Code analyzer for CJS and ESM files.
 #[async_trait::async_trait(?Send)]
 pub trait CjsCodeAnalyzer {
@@ -60,31 +67,33 @@ pub trait CjsCodeAnalyzer {
     &self,
     specifier: &Url,
     maybe_source: Option<Cow<'a, str>>,
+    esm_analysis_mode: EsmAnalysisMode,
   ) -> Result<CjsAnalysis<'a>, JsErrorBox>;
 }
 
-#[derive(Debug, thiserror::Error, deno_error::JsError)]
-pub enum TranslateCjsToEsmError {
-  #[class(inherit)]
-  #[error(transparent)]
-  CjsCodeAnalysis(JsErrorBox),
-  #[class(inherit)]
-  #[error(transparent)]
-  ExportAnalysis(JsErrorBox),
+pub enum ResolvedCjsAnalysis<'a> {
+  Esm(Cow<'a, str>),
+  Cjs(BTreeSet<String>),
 }
 
-#[derive(Debug, thiserror::Error, deno_error::JsError)]
-#[class(generic)]
-#[error("Could not load '{reexport}' ({reexport_specifier}) referenced from {referrer}")]
-pub struct CjsAnalysisCouldNotLoadError {
-  reexport: String,
-  reexport_specifier: Url,
-  referrer: Url,
-  #[source]
-  source: JsErrorBox,
-}
+#[allow(clippy::disallowed_types)]
+pub type CjsModuleExportAnalyzerRc<
+  TCjsCodeAnalyzer,
+  TInNpmPackageChecker,
+  TIsBuiltInNodeModuleChecker,
+  TNpmPackageFolderResolver,
+  TSys,
+> = crate::sync::MaybeArc<
+  CjsModuleExportAnalyzer<
+    TCjsCodeAnalyzer,
+    TInNpmPackageChecker,
+    TIsBuiltInNodeModuleChecker,
+    TNpmPackageFolderResolver,
+    TSys,
+  >,
+>;
 
-pub struct NodeCodeTranslator<
+pub struct CjsModuleExportAnalyzer<
   TCjsCodeAnalyzer: CjsCodeAnalyzer,
   TInNpmPackageChecker: InNpmPackageChecker,
   TIsBuiltInNodeModuleChecker: IsBuiltInNodeModuleChecker,
@@ -111,7 +120,7 @@ impl<
     TNpmPackageFolderResolver: NpmPackageFolderResolver,
     TSys: FsCanonicalize + FsMetadata + FsRead,
   >
-  NodeCodeTranslator<
+  CjsModuleExportAnalyzer<
     TCjsCodeAnalyzer,
     TInNpmPackageChecker,
     TIsBuiltInNodeModuleChecker,
@@ -142,36 +151,24 @@ impl<
     }
   }
 
-  /// Translates given CJS module into ESM. This function will perform static
-  /// analysis on the file to find defined exports and reexports.
-  ///
-  /// For all discovered reexports the analysis will be performed recursively.
-  ///
-  /// If successful a source code for equivalent ES module is returned.
-  pub async fn translate_cjs_to_esm<'a>(
+  pub async fn analyze_all_exports<'a>(
     &self,
     entry_specifier: &Url,
     source: Option<Cow<'a, str>>,
-  ) -> Result<Cow<'a, str>, TranslateCjsToEsmError> {
-    let mut temp_var_count = 0;
-
+  ) -> Result<ResolvedCjsAnalysis<'a>, TranslateCjsToEsmError> {
     let analysis = self
       .cjs_code_analyzer
-      .analyze_cjs(entry_specifier, source)
+      .analyze_cjs(entry_specifier, source, EsmAnalysisMode::SourceOnly)
       .await
       .map_err(TranslateCjsToEsmError::CjsCodeAnalysis)?;
 
     let analysis = match analysis {
-      CjsAnalysis::Esm(source) => return Ok(source),
+      CjsAnalysis::Esm(source, _) => {
+        return Ok(ResolvedCjsAnalysis::Esm(source))
+      }
       CjsAnalysis::Cjs(analysis) => analysis,
     };
 
-    let mut source = vec![
-      r#"import {createRequire as __internalCreateRequire, Module as __internalModule } from "node:module";
-      const require = __internalCreateRequire(import.meta.url);"#
-        .to_string(),
-    ];
-
     // use a BTreeSet to make the output deterministic for v8's code cache
     let mut all_exports = analysis.exports.into_iter().collect::<BTreeSet<_>>();
 
@@ -193,38 +190,7 @@ impl<
       }
     }
 
-    source.push(format!(
-      r#"let mod;
-      if (import.meta.main) {{
-        mod = __internalModule._load("{0}", null, true)
-      }} else {{
-        mod = require("{0}");
-      }}"#,
-      url_to_file_path(entry_specifier)
-        .unwrap()
-        .to_str()
-        .unwrap()
-        .replace('\\', "\\\\")
-        .replace('\'', "\\\'")
-        .replace('\"', "\\\"")
-    ));
-
-    for export in &all_exports {
-      if !matches!(export.as_str(), "default" | "module.exports") {
-        add_export(
-          &mut source,
-          export,
-          &format!("mod[{}]", to_double_quote_string(export)),
-          &mut temp_var_count,
-        );
-      }
-    }
-
-    source.push("export default mod;".to_string());
-    add_export(&mut source, "module.exports", "mod", &mut temp_var_count);
-
-    let translated_source = source.join("\n");
-    Ok(Cow::Owned(translated_source))
+    Ok(ResolvedCjsAnalysis::Cjs(all_exports))
   }
 
   #[allow(clippy::needless_lifetimes)]
@@ -239,7 +205,6 @@ impl<
   ) {
     struct Analysis {
       reexport_specifier: url::Url,
-      referrer: url::Url,
       analysis: CjsAnalysis<'static>,
     }
 
@@ -288,7 +253,11 @@ impl<
           let referrer = referrer.clone();
           let future = async move {
             let analysis = cjs_code_analyzer
-              .analyze_cjs(&reexport_specifier, None)
+              .analyze_cjs(
+                &reexport_specifier,
+                None,
+                EsmAnalysisMode::SourceImportsAndExports,
+              )
               .await
               .map_err(|source| {
                 JsErrorBox::from_err(CjsAnalysisCouldNotLoadError {
@@ -301,7 +270,6 @@ impl<
 
             Ok(Analysis {
               reexport_specifier,
-              referrer,
               analysis,
             })
           }
@@ -321,7 +289,6 @@ impl<
       // 2. Look at the analysis result and resolve its exports and re-exports
       let Analysis {
         reexport_specifier,
-        referrer,
         analysis,
       } = match analysis_result {
         Ok(analysis) => analysis,
@@ -331,14 +298,7 @@ impl<
         }
       };
       match analysis {
-        CjsAnalysis::Esm(_) => {
-          // todo(dsherret): support this once supporting requiring ES modules
-          errors.push(JsErrorBox::generic(format!(
-            "Cannot require ES module '{}' from '{}'",
-            reexport_specifier, referrer,
-          )));
-        }
-        CjsAnalysis::Cjs(analysis) => {
+        CjsAnalysis::Cjs(analysis) | CjsAnalysis::Esm(_, Some(analysis)) => {
           if !analysis.reexports.is_empty() {
             handle_reexports(
               reexport_specifier.clone(),
@@ -355,6 +315,10 @@ impl<
               .filter(|e| e.as_str() != "default"),
           );
         }
+        CjsAnalysis::Esm(_, None) => {
+          // should not hit this due to EsmAnalysisMode::SourceImportsAndExports
+          debug_assert!(false);
+        }
       }
     }
   }
@@ -526,6 +490,137 @@ impl<
   }
 }
 
+#[derive(Debug, thiserror::Error, deno_error::JsError)]
+pub enum TranslateCjsToEsmError {
+  #[class(inherit)]
+  #[error(transparent)]
+  CjsCodeAnalysis(JsErrorBox),
+  #[class(inherit)]
+  #[error(transparent)]
+  ExportAnalysis(JsErrorBox),
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, thiserror::Error, deno_error::JsError)]
+#[class(generic)]
+#[error("Could not load '{reexport}' ({reexport_specifier}) referenced from {referrer}")]
+pub struct CjsAnalysisCouldNotLoadError {
+  reexport: String,
+  reexport_specifier: Url,
+  referrer: Url,
+  #[source]
+  source: JsErrorBox,
+}
+
+pub struct NodeCodeTranslator<
+  TCjsCodeAnalyzer: CjsCodeAnalyzer,
+  TInNpmPackageChecker: InNpmPackageChecker,
+  TIsBuiltInNodeModuleChecker: IsBuiltInNodeModuleChecker,
+  TNpmPackageFolderResolver: NpmPackageFolderResolver,
+  TSys: FsCanonicalize + FsMetadata + FsRead,
+> {
+  module_export_analyzer: CjsModuleExportAnalyzerRc<
+    TCjsCodeAnalyzer,
+    TInNpmPackageChecker,
+    TIsBuiltInNodeModuleChecker,
+    TNpmPackageFolderResolver,
+    TSys,
+  >,
+}
+
+impl<
+    TCjsCodeAnalyzer: CjsCodeAnalyzer,
+    TInNpmPackageChecker: InNpmPackageChecker,
+    TIsBuiltInNodeModuleChecker: IsBuiltInNodeModuleChecker,
+    TNpmPackageFolderResolver: NpmPackageFolderResolver,
+    TSys: FsCanonicalize + FsMetadata + FsRead,
+  >
+  NodeCodeTranslator<
+    TCjsCodeAnalyzer,
+    TInNpmPackageChecker,
+    TIsBuiltInNodeModuleChecker,
+    TNpmPackageFolderResolver,
+    TSys,
+  >
+{
+  pub fn new(
+    module_export_analyzer: CjsModuleExportAnalyzerRc<
+      TCjsCodeAnalyzer,
+      TInNpmPackageChecker,
+      TIsBuiltInNodeModuleChecker,
+      TNpmPackageFolderResolver,
+      TSys,
+    >,
+  ) -> Self {
+    Self {
+      module_export_analyzer,
+    }
+  }
+
+  /// Translates given CJS module into ESM. This function will perform static
+  /// analysis on the file to find defined exports and reexports.
+  ///
+  /// For all discovered reexports the analysis will be performed recursively.
+  ///
+  /// If successful a source code for equivalent ES module is returned.
+  pub async fn translate_cjs_to_esm<'a>(
+    &self,
+    entry_specifier: &Url,
+    source: Option<Cow<'a, str>>,
+  ) -> Result<Cow<'a, str>, TranslateCjsToEsmError> {
+    let analysis = self
+      .module_export_analyzer
+      .analyze_all_exports(entry_specifier, source)
+      .await?;
+
+    let all_exports = match analysis {
+      ResolvedCjsAnalysis::Esm(source) => return Ok(source),
+      ResolvedCjsAnalysis::Cjs(all_exports) => all_exports,
+    };
+
+    // todo(dsherret): use capacity_builder here to remove all these heap
+    // allocations and make the string writing faster
+    let mut temp_var_count = 0;
+    let mut source = vec![
+      r#"import {createRequire as __internalCreateRequire, Module as __internalModule } from "node:module";
+      const require = __internalCreateRequire(import.meta.url);"#
+        .to_string(),
+    ];
+
+    source.push(format!(
+      r#"let mod;
+      if (import.meta.main) {{
+        mod = __internalModule._load("{0}", null, true)
+      }} else {{
+        mod = require("{0}");
+      }}"#,
+      url_to_file_path(entry_specifier)
+        .unwrap()
+        .to_str()
+        .unwrap()
+        .replace('\\', "\\\\")
+        .replace('\'', "\\\'")
+        .replace('\"', "\\\"")
+    ));
+
+    for export in &all_exports {
+      if !matches!(export.as_str(), "default" | "module.exports") {
+        add_export(
+          &mut source,
+          export,
+          &format!("mod[{}]", to_double_quote_string(export)),
+          &mut temp_var_count,
+        );
+      }
+    }
+
+    source.push("export default mod;".to_string());
+    add_export(&mut source, "module.exports", "mod", &mut temp_var_count);
+
+    let translated_source = source.join("\n");
+    Ok(Cow::Owned(translated_source))
+  }
+}
+
 static RESERVED_WORDS: Lazy<HashSet<&str>> = Lazy::new(|| {
   HashSet::from([
     "abstract",

tests/specs/node/require_esm_reexport_esm/__test__.jsonc

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+{
+  "tests": {
+    "run": {
+      "args": "run -A main.mjs",
+      "output": "run.out"
+    },
+    "compile": {
+      "tempDir": true,
+      "steps": [{
+        "args": "compile -A --output out main.mjs",
+        "output": "[WILDCARD]"
+      }, {
+        "commandName": "./out",
+        "args": [],
+        "output": "run.out"
+      }]
+    }
+  }
+}

tests/specs/node/require_esm_reexport_esm/add.mjs

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+export function add(a, b) {
+  return a + b;
+}

tests/specs/node/require_esm_reexport_esm/main.mjs

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+import mod, { add } from "./mod1.cjs";
+console.log(mod);
+console.log(mod.add(1, 2));
+console.log(add(1, 2));

tests/specs/node/require_esm_reexport_esm/mod1.cjs

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+module.exports = require("./mod2.cjs");

tests/specs/node/require_esm_reexport_esm/mod2.cjs

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+module.exports = require("./add.mjs");

tests/specs/node/require_esm_reexport_esm/run.out

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+[Module: null prototype] { add: [Function: add] }
+3
+3

tests/specs/node/require_esm_reexport_esm_module_exports/__test__.jsonc

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+{
+  "tests": {
+    "run": {
+      "args": "run -A main.mjs",
+      "output": "run.out"
+    },
+    "compile": {
+      "tempDir": true,
+      "steps": [{
+        "args": "compile -A --output out main.mjs",
+        "output": "[WILDCARD]"
+      }, {
+        "commandName": "./out",
+        "args": [],
+        "output": "run.out"
+      }]
+    }
+  }
+}

tests/specs/node/require_esm_reexport_esm_module_exports/add.mjs

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+function add(a, b) {
+  return a + b;
+}
+
+export { add as "module.exports" };

tests/specs/node/require_esm_reexport_esm_module_exports/main.mjs

@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+import add from "./mod1.cjs";
+console.log(add(1, 2));

tests/specs/node/require_esm_reexport_esm_module_exports/mod1.cjs

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+module.exports = require("./mod2.cjs");

tests/specs/node/require_esm_reexport_esm_module_exports/mod2.cjs

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+module.exports = require("./add.mjs");

tests/specs/node/require_esm_reexport_esm_module_exports/run.out

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+3